Isikhundla samasu se-lepidolite sokukhishwa kwe-lithium sithuthukisiwe
Ukukhishwa kwe-lithium kusuka ku-mica: impumelelo yezobuchwepheshe, ibe yingxenye ebalulekile yokuhlinzekwa kwezinsiza ze-lithium
Ngokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe bokukhipha i-lithium mica kanye nenqubekelaphambili yobuchwepheshe, ukukhishwa kwe-lithium mica kwe-lithium kuzuze ukukhiqizwa okukhulu, izindleko zokukhiqiza sezifinyelele izindleko ezijwayelekile zemboni ye-lithium, futhi umkhiqizo uzinzile, oye waqashelwa abakhiqizi bezinto ezibonakalayo ze-downstream cathode.I-Lepidolite kancane kancane ibe yingxenye ebalulekile ye-lithium resource supply.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-lithium mica sekube yisidingo samasu
Ukuthembela kweChina ezinsizeni ze-lithium kuphezulu ngendlela efinyelela ku-70%.Izinsiza ze-lithium zomhlaba zisatshalaliswa ikakhulukazi eChile, e-Australia nase-Argentina, kanti i-lithium resource reserves yaseChina yenza u-7% kuphela.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-China inamandla amakhulu kasawoti we-lithium.Ngo-2020, amandla e-lithium carbonate ne-lithium hydroxide angaba amathani angama-506900 e-LCE, futhi umthamo womhlaba wonke kasawoti we-lithium ungamathani angama-785700 e-LCE, ebalwa cishe ngama-65% omhlaba.Ngakho-ke, izinsiza ze-lithium zaseChina zincike kakhulu emazweni angaphandle.Cishe amaphesenti angama-70 ezimayini ze-lithium ancike ekuthengisweni phesheya kwezilwandle, lapho ingxenye ye-Australia efika ku-60%.
Kusukela ngo-2018, ubudlelwano base-China Australia buye bawohloka kancane kancane.NgoMeyi 2021, Ikhomishini Yezokuthuthukiswa Nezinguquko kuzwelonke yakhipha isitatimende imemezela ukumiswa kwemisebenzi ngaphansi kohlelo lwezingcingo lomnotho wamasu we-China Australia ngokubambisana eholwa iminyango efanele kahulumeni wobumbano wase-Australia, kanye nobudlelwano base-China Australia bangena esimweni sokushuba.
Njengezinto eziyinhloko zamandla amasha e-lithium, izinsiza ze-lithium, ezaziwa ngokuthi "uwoyela omhlophe", zikhuphukele kwimithombo yamasu kazwelonke yaseChina kusukela ngo-2016, futhi ukuxhashazwa kwezinsiza kuvikelwa nguhulumeni.Ukuze kubhekwane nenkinga yokuphepha kokuhlinzekwa kwezinsiza ze-lithium okubangelwa ukuwohloka kobudlelwane base-China Australia, ukuqina kanye nesivinini sokuthuthukiswa kwezinsiza ze-lithium zasekhaya kungase kuqiniswe.
Imithombo ye-lithium yaseChina ikakhulukazi amachibi anosawoti, i-spodumene ne-lepidolite.I-lithium yechibi likasawoti yenza ama-83%, asakazwa kakhulu eQinghai naseTibet;I-Spodumene yenza ama-15%, asakazwa kakhulu eSichuan;I-Lepidolite yenza ama-2%, asakazwa kakhulu e-Jiangxi.
Inqubo yokukhipha i-lithium ye-lithium mica yenziwe kahle futhi yathuthukiswa ngokuqhubekayo
Izindlela zokukhipha i-lithium ku-lepidolite ikakhulukazi zifaka ukugazinga kwe-lime, ukugazinga kwe-sulfuric acid, ukugazinga kwe-sulfate, ukugazinga nge-chlorination kanye nokubilisa ngomfutho.
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-spodumene, i-lepidolite ngokuyinhloko ibhekene nokungcola okwengeziwe enqubweni yokukhipha, ikakhulukazi izakhi eziqukethe i-fluorine.I-Mica ikhona ngendlela ye-silicate futhi inokwakheka okuqinile.Esigabeni sokuqala, idinga ukuthoswa okunezinga lokushisa eliphezulu nokwelashwa kwe-defluorination ukukhulula isakhiwo se-ore eluhlaza, bese siqhuba ukugaya okulandelayo.Ngaphezu kwalokho, esigabeni sakamuva, isici se-fluorine kulula ukukhiqiza i-hydrofluoric acid enqubweni yokusabela, elimaza imishini, okuholela ekukhiqizeni okuqhubekayo.
Indlela yokugcoba i-limestone isetshenziswa kakhulu esigabeni sokuqala sokukhishwa kwe-lithium kusuka ku-lepidolite.Ngenxa yenqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yokususa ukungcola kanye nenani elikhulu lezinsalela zemfucuza, liye laqedwa kancane kancane.Kunezidingo eziningi zokumelana nokugqwala kwemishini yokukhiqiza i-sulfuric acid ngemuva kokwamukelwa kwendlela ye-sulfuric acid, kodwa ukumelana nokugqwala kwemishini yokukhiqiza i-sulfuric acid kuphezulu.Njengamanje, amabhizinisi amaningi endaweni ye-Yichun Asebenzisa indlela yokugazinga ye-sulfate ukuze akhiqize.Esigabeni sokuqala, i-potassium sulfate isetshenziswa kakhulu.Manje, i-sodium sulfate ne-sodium potassium sulfate isetshenziswa njengezinye izindawo ukuze kuqhutshekwe nokunciphisa izindleko zokukhiqiza.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-19-2022